Overcoming Inequality, Realizing Prosperity: Indonesia Vision 2045
Through the 2025-2045 National Long Term Development Plan (RPJPN) document, Indonesia has set a vision to become a developed country. This vision aims to transform Indonesia into a developed country by achieving five main targets.
These five targets include (1) Per capita income equivalent to developed countries; (2) Poverty reaches 0% and inequality decreases; (3) Leadership and influence in the international world increases; (4) The competitiveness of human resources (human capital) increases; (5) Greenhouse gas emissions decrease towards net zero emissions.
GNI per capita or Gross National Income per capita is an important indicator that shows the level of welfare of a country and is a reference in national development.
In 2022, Indonesia’s GNI per capita will reach US$ 4,580, which will restore Indonesia’s status as an upper-middle income country after previously experiencing a decline due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic.
This growth is expected to continue to increase so that Indonesia can enter the category of high-income country in 2045. To achieve this, the target for GNI per capita in 2025 is US$ 5,500-5,520 per capita.
Even though GNI per capita has increased nationally, income inequality is still a significant challenge. Data shows that around 40 million workers from the bottom 40 percent group have wages below 5 million rupiah per month.
With an average family size of more than five people, their per capita income is recorded at under 1 million rupiah per month. This condition makes them a vulnerable group. On the other hand, the top 10 percent group, which consists of 10 million people, has an income of above 23 million rupiah per month with relatively fewer family members.
To become a developed country by 2045, development programs must be able to provide significant leverage to increase the capabilities of our society. The middle class must be created systematically and reach 70% in 20 years.
This, among other things, starts with empowering poor and vulnerable communities. To increase the capacity of poor and vulnerable communities, an approach is needed that can change mindset/behavior to a more positive one and strengthen the function of development assistants. These two approaches are carried out with three pillars, namely community empowerment, employment opportunities and entrepreneurial opportunities.
Through program support according to the welfare level of the population, the community is expected to continue to move up to the middle class.
The development plan towards a Golden Indonesia 2045 is a big step that requires cooperation from all levels of society and the government.
With careful planning and consistent implementation, Indonesia has a great opportunity to become a developed country with a high level of prosperity and low inequality. Existing challenges must be faced with innovation and appropriate policies so that this vision can be realized.
Source: Bappenas
